President Obama won the elections due emergent of an economic
crisis. The oil prices rose steeply having a direct impact on the lives
of average Americans. The main economic problems were high house prices,
energy costs and unemployment. The Americans were also dissatisfied by
the war on Iraq. They felt America’s involvement in the war was the
wrong move for the country. The Bush administration policies were not
what people wanted any more. Obama’s campaign motion, change, was easily
believed to be the central concern for the election because of these
three factors, and that led to Obama’s victory.A salient issue is one that is standing out or prominent. In a
collection of several issues, the salient one is more noticeable. An
intense issue is one that is already in effect and largely being
considered. A latent issue is one that exists but not largely perceived
or believed to be of concern by people. For example, economic crisis was
made an intense issue by Obama and character remained salient.
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Latent
issues during the campaign periods became intense and made competition
shift directions. V. O. key believes that the latent issues that emerge
as people respond to political happening in future of campaigns are very
important because they determine a politician’s position after attack
by the political rivals. This is true because, the current position or
intense issues might be Important but if they fade in the near future,
voters might change their opinion.
The iron triangle is made up of the interest groups, the Congress and
the bureaucrats. Each of these components is very important for the
iron triangle theory. Interest groups give electoral support to
congress. The Congress gives the funding to the Bureaucrats, who in turn
offer policies and their implementation to the congress. The
bureaucrats the offer incentives to the interest groups who in turn help
them get congressional support by means of lobbying. So without the
interest groups part, the cycle is not complete. A lobbyist is a person
who tries to influence politicians’ votes on legislation on behalf of a
special interest, or a member of the same lobby group.
Lobbying groups can prove important in implementing change. The
formation of the TRIO programs in which Upward Bound was on is
attributed to by the signing of the Higher Education act, which happened
due to lobbying. Corporations, with their carefully cultivated
connections, wider lobbying leeway, and proficiency in influence, are
often better equipped to make the case for stopping domestic violence,
improving safety on the roads, thwarting climate change, and fostering
economic development. Conservatives look forward to making the right
decisions in policy making while liberals try to fit in the demand of
situations, whether their decision is right or wrong. Leaders should try
to make decisions that are for the benefit of the citizens and that
calls, sometimes for the decisions to be non-partisan. During the 2008
election campaigns, voters focused on character because the candidates
were using character attacks in their campaigns. This led to the
character issue becoming intense. The media connects directly to the
public of America and can influence their opinion by choosing what to
tell them.
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The court appeal should not have dismissed the Janet Jackson’s
wardrobe malfunction case because the interest of the public is much
more important than the company’s image and it depends on the
responsibility of the media company when they release content. FCC
should have fined CBS to make it just for the public and provide a
lesson for members of the press. The press is important but sometimes
they make mistakes and try to get way with it. If news stations competed
for ratings, only those performing within god conduct to the public and
relaying important news would be rated best.
A sub-government is an iron triangle formed by interest groups,
bureaucrats and the Congress who work together for each other’s interest
and they influence policy making. Issue networks tend to work like
interest groups in the iron triangles but they are formed by individuals
with common interests of the general public. These networks seem to
oppose the private interest group when they try to push policy making
for their own interest if it could harm public interest. They can help
avoid private interests in policy making and hence are important. Policy
making would be less complicated without issue networks as there would
be no one opposing the proposals of the private interest groups, but
that would leave the entire decisions to them and hence poor or bad
policies would be made.FDA should allow public interest groups
participation because they serve the interests of the public and even
though the arguments can cause delays, the views of the public get
implemented in the long run. Intergovernmental relationship helps the
state to criticize the federal government and vice versa. This may not
be a cordial relationship concerning their difference in opinion and may
even lead to threat of reproach (Southern Political Science
Association, http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p143243_index.html).
Sunshine laws help make sure that the public is informed of the
proceeding of government meetings by allowing the media and
representatives of the public to attend. The public had the right to
know of the information regarding the torture of prisoners at Guantanamo
Bay under the Freedom of Information Act but the government could
obviously not encourage it because it would be compromising (A.C.L.U,
2007)
References
Southern Political Science Association, retrieved at;
http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p143243_index.html
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